Do Intuition and Creativity Use the Same Cognitive Processes?

Enhance creative capabilities by learning how to stop applying the rules of rational cognition to your process.

This blog post is now a podcast episode!

As an INFP and/or INFJ (I’m not sure which I am!), I’ve become used to using the terms intuitive and creative to describe myself. I always saw these two skills as inherently different from each other. As I’ve learned more about the workings of creativity, however, I’ve come to understand that the reason intuitive and creative abilities are often co-occurring is because they function in strikingly similar ways. In fact, creativity may be simply a variation of intuitive cognition. If this is true, we are repressing our creativity when we insist on rational approaches. If you are struggling to tap into your creativity, questioning your socialization into rational, analytical styles of thinking is a good place to start.

Both intuition and creativity rely on similar cognitive functions: pattern recognition and analogical thinking.* Intuition is an understanding you arrive at when your brain subconsciously compares many different past experiences and knowledge, pulls out relevant pieces of information, and synthesizes it all into a new understanding. This manifests as the “a-ha” moment intuitives often talk about. Creativity is the ability – often at least party unconscious – of being able to compare disparate pieces of past experiences and knowledge and put them together in unexpected ways to produce a novel understanding, solution, or product. You can see how the processes are similar, though their purpose and the conscious experience of them may differ.

Intuitive/creative ability is actually a kind of intelligence, though in our society we don’t really recognize it as such because we have a very limited view of intelligence. We categorize it as a facility with logical, deliberate, and conscious thinking. In this rational perspective of intelligence, the latter is particularly important: you must be able to explain how you came to a certain conclusion through a step-by-step, linear process of reasoning and/or evidence confirmation. Intuitive/creative intelligence does not allow for such explication, as it is unstructured and nonconscious, nor does it adhere to the rules of logic. It is therefore categorized as something other than intelligence.

Intuitive/creative intelligence is native to human beings just as is our capacity for rational thought, so in that sense we all have intuitive and creative abilities. But because we are taught that it is a “lower” form of cognition, untrustworthy, and irrational, we grow up discounting it as a valid way of experiencing and understanding the world. This can have profound effects on our ability to be creative. We can enhance our creativity by not applying the rules of rational cognition to our intuitive/creative cognition process. But how? Let’s look at a few of the big no-nos of the rational approach, and why they work directly against intuitive/creative thinking.

Centering yourself in the knowledge formation process.

The major tenet of the scientific approach, which represents our highest form of the rational process, is that you must remove yourself from your research. Your job is to be an unbiased conduit of knowledge formation and communication; to discover objective truths. The whole point of scientific study is to create universal knowledge that is verifiable through a replicable process, i.e. scientific experiment. Intuitive/creative cognition does not do this. It results in knowledge that is neither explicable (because you arrive at it largely through unconscious thought) nor verifiable or replicable. It is based on your personal experiences of being yourself in the world. You must center yourself when using intuitive/creative cognition – and the knowledge you create is valuable because of your personal bias.   

Using feeling as a method of knowledge confirmation.

It goes without saying that rational approaches to knowledge formation do not use personal feeling as a method of verification. A scientist does not decide which results are accurate based on their feelings. There is no “I think this is true because it feels right” in science! But in the intuitive/creative cognitive process, feeling is the measure that is used to identify what is true – true for you. What challenges us more than any other thing about using the intuitive/creative approach is that it results in knowledge that may only be true for us, and not match what is true for others. Our societal preference for the rational approach tells us we should distrust such knowledge because we are not able to validate it externally.

Trusting knowledge that cannot be verified.

In rational models, there is a correct (i.e. objectively correct) answer; in intuitive/creative models, there is no such thing. Exactness or accuracy are not evaluations that are relevant to intuitive/creative knowledge, but our conditioning in the rational approach causes us to use those evaluations anyway. This leads to second-guessing ourselves and what we know, and it can also lead to us losing confidence in our creative output. Think of it this way. How ridiculous would it be to think that getting an almost right answer to a math problem is totally fine if, say, you’re designing a space shuttle? Reverse that: it’s equally ridiculous to try to apply such rational precision to intuitive/creative thinking. We cannot judge a work of art, for example, by how accurately it represents reality or whether it was created in the “correct” way. Release your intuitive/creative cognition from such shackles! There is no “right” answer in any objective sense. Intuitive/creative intelligence is about trusting yourself.

We are trained to distrust and discount information and knowledge that come to us through a non-rational, i.e. intuitive, cognitive process. But if intuition and creativity are similar types of cognition, we are also inadvertently repressing our creativity when we try to apply the rules of rational thinking to our own understanding and experience.

*This essay is partly informed by a paper entitled Intuition and Creativity (Ul-Haq, 2015; open access). It cites a lot of the research on this and related subjects and is a good place to start if you want to delve in deeper.